What is the primary function of transformers in electrical installations?

The primary function of transformers in electrical installations is to adjust voltage levels for efficient power transmission. Transformers work on the principle of electromagnetic induction and are designed to change the voltage of alternating current (AC) while maintaining the same frequency.

By stepping up the voltage, transformers enable electricity to be transmitted over long distances with minimal losses. Higher voltages reduce the current in the transmission lines, which in turn reduces the amount of heat generated due to the resistance in the conductors. This is crucial for efficient power distribution, as lower losses mean that more of the generated electrical energy is delivered to end users instead of being wasted as heat in the lines.

In contrast, while adjusting current levels for home appliances, providing additional circuit protection, and converting AC to DC power are important functions in electrical systems, they do not capture the core role of transformers in voltage management during power transmission.